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NIR absorption bands are typically 10–100 times weaker than the corresponding fundamental mid-IR absorption band.) [4] The lower absorption allows NIR radiation to penetrate much further into a sample than mid infrared radiation. Near-infrared spectroscopy is, therefore, not a particularly sensitive technique, but it can be very useful in ...
An infrared spectroscopy correlation table (or table of infrared absorption frequencies) is a list of absorption peaks and frequencies, typically reported in wavenumber, for common types of molecular bonds and functional groups.
In fluid thermodynamics, the film temperature (T f ) is an approximation of the temperature of a fluid inside a convection boundary layer. It is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the temperature at the surface of the solid boundary wall ( T w ) and the free-stream temperature ( T ∞ ): [ 1 ]
The near-infrared (NIR) window (also known as optical window or therapeutic window) defines the range of wavelengths from 650 to 1350 nanometre (nm) where light has its maximum depth of penetration in tissue. [1] Within the NIR window, scattering is the most dominant light-tissue interaction, and therefore the propagating light becomes diffused ...
In aerodynamics, the normal shock tables are a series of tabulated data listing the various properties before and after the occurrence of a normal shock wave. [1] With a given upstream Mach number, the post-shock Mach number can be calculated along with the pressure, density, temperature, and stagnation pressure ratios.
McFeeters index: If looking for water bodies or change in water level (e.g. flooding), then it is advisable to use the green and NIR spectral bands [18] or green and SWIR spectral bands. Modification of normalised difference water index (MNDWI) has been suggested for improved detection of open water by replacing NIR spectral band with SWIR. [19]
The Goff–Gratch equation is one (arguably the first reliable in history) amongst many experimental correlation proposed to estimate the saturation water vapor pressure at a given temperature. Another similar equation based on more recent data is the Arden Buck equation .
The above equation only takes into account the temperature differences and ignores two important parameters, being 1) solar radiative flux; and 2) infrared exchanges from the sky. The concept of T sol-air was thus introduced to enable these parameters to be included within an improved calculation. The following formula results: