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Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus which is a more severe form of SLE that develops in children up to 18 years old; both are autoimmune diseases.
Since delayed diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis results in higher incidences of kidney failure, it should be quickly diagnosis and properly treated. [5] [83] As more patients have survived well past the early course of their disease, premature atherosclerosis has increasingly contributed to the mortality in cSLE and aSLE. [9]
4.2 Diagnostic criteria. 4.2.1 Criteria. 4.2.2 Criteria for individual diagnosis. ... Certain types of lupus nephritis such as diffuse proliferative ...
Nephritic syndrome is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation. It often occurs in the glomerulus , where it is called glomerulonephritis . Glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation and thinning of the glomerular basement membrane and the occurrence of small pores in the podocytes of the ...
Blood tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence are routinely performed to detect anti-dsDNA antibodies in diagnostic laboratories. They are highly diagnostic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. [1] [2]
Secondary diagnosis (i.e., ATN, interstitial nephritis, thrombotic microangiopathy) Ancillary studies, if done (i.e., IgG sub typing) Chronicity grade and score; The kidney biopsy is foundational to informing the diagnosis of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, as it is a morphological pattern.
The cause of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) depends on the severity of the disease. DPGN is a secondary disease, in that a disease that a patient already has causes DPGN to occur. The most common associated disease of DPGN is severe systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). [4] Specifically, Lupus nephritis class IV. [5]
Lupus erythematosus may manifest as systemic disease or in a purely cutaneous form also known as incomplete lupus erythematosus. Lupus has four main types: [citation needed] systemic; discoid; drug-induced; neonatal; Of these, systemic lupus erythematosus (also known as SLE) is the most common and serious form.