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Aestheticization of politics; Anti-communism; Anti-intellectualism; Anti-liberalism; Anti-pacifism; Blood and soil; Chauvinism; Class collaboration; Conspiracism
The organization claimed 500 members in Surabaya, 400 in Malang and 300 at the University of Indonesia in Djakarta. Rival student organizations estimated the CGMI membership at around 4,000. [ 1 ] By 1963 CGMI claimed a membership of around 17,000.
The protests were the most prominent student movement in Indonesia since the 1998 riots that brought down the Suharto regime. [ 12 ] In several cities including Jakarta , Bandung and Padang , [ 13 ] protesters clashed with the Indonesian National Police (Polri), resulting in the riot police firing tear gas and water cannons.
Ultimately, KAMI's protests led to the signing of the Supersemar which gave Suharto vast powers and led to the fall of Sukarno and the rise of the New Order. [4] Some former student activists were later feted by general Ali Murtopo, and became key figures in policy making and Golkar, the political vehicle of the regime. [5]
Munir Said Thalib (8 December 1965 – 7 September 2004) was an Indonesian activist. Founder of the Kontras human rights organisation and laureate of the 2000 Right Livelihood Award, Munir was assassinated in 2004 while travelling to Utrecht University to pursue a master's degree in international law and human rights. [1]
10 killed and 48-100 injured in a grenade attack on President Sukarno [4] [5] Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66: 1965 October – 1966 March Throughout Indonesia: 500,000–1,000,000+ Massacre of the members of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) and alleged communist sympathizers in revenge for the 30 September Movement. East Timor genocide
A film supporting the New Order's version of events, Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI (Betrayal by the Communist Party of Indonesia) was broadcast annually on the government television station TVRI every 30 September. This version was the only one allowed in open discourse in the country. [187]
4 January: Secret meeting between Hitler and Papen occurs. 23 January: Schleicher resigns as Chancellor. 30 January: President Hindenburg appoints Hitler chancellor of a Nazi-DNVP coalition. 1 February: Dissolution of the Reichstag. 2 February: Hitler meets with top military leaders, describes his plans to rearm Germany.