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Faʻafafine (Samoan pronunciation: [faʔafafine]; lit. ' in the manner of a woman ') are natal males who align with a third gender or gender role in Samoa. [1] Fa'afafine are not assigned the role at birth, nor raised as girls due to a lack of daughters, as is often claimed in western media.
Likewise, fa'afatama are people who were assigned female at birth, but embody both gender traits. [34] The Samoa Fa'afafine Association (S.F.A.) is an organisation designed to foster collaboration between the fa'afafine and the LGBT communities in Samoa, the Asia Pacific region and the world. [35]
Samoa Faʻafafine Association (SFA) is an organisation based in Samoa, which provides support for LGBTQ+ communities. It organises the annual Miss Faʻafafine pageant, provides sexual health educational programming and advocates for the rights of LGBTQ+ people in Samoa, in particular its faʻafafine communities.
Describing fa'afafine in an artist statement introducing their poetry and photography for the USC Cinema journal Spectator, McMullin writes: "The standard practice among fa'afafine (MTF) and fa'afatama (FTM) is that one's sexual partners are "straight": fa'afafine do not see ourselves as women, but also do not identify as gay men.
Stanley was a co-founder and President of the Samoa Faʻafafine Association since its establishment in 2006 until her 2018 death. [3] [5] [6] It was Stanley who persuaded the President of Samoa to become the patron of the SFA. [5] As an activist, as well as faʻafafine, Stanley campaigned for the rights of LGBTQ people in Samoa. [3]
Fa'afafine are people who identify themselves as having a third-gender or non-binary role in Samoa, American Samoa and the Samoan diaspora. A recognized gender identity/gender role in traditional Samoan society, and an integral part of Samoan culture, fa'afafine are assigned male at birth, and explicitly embody both masculine and feminine gender traits in a way unique to Polynesia.
Brown currently serves as Executive Director of TGEU (since July 2024), as co-secretary general of ILGA World (since March 2019), and as Co-President of Interpride. [5] [3] [6] [7] She has also worked as technical director of the Samoa Fa'afafine Association and with Sydney World Pride through Equality Australia.
In Redefining Fa'afafine: Western Discourses and the Construction of Transgenderism in Samoa, Johanna Schmidt argues that the Western attempts to reinterpret fa'afafine, the third gender in Samoan culture, make it have more to do with sexual orientation than gender. She also argues that this is actually changing the nature of fa'afafine itself ...