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  2. Radical (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_(chemistry)

    Lewis dot structure of a Hydroxide ion compared to a hydroxyl radical. In chemistry, a radical, also known as a free radical, is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron. [1] [2] With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make radicals highly chemically reactive. Many radicals spontaneously dimerize. Most ...

  3. Category:Free radicals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_radicals

    Pages in category "Free radicals" The following 82 pages are in this category, out of 82 total. ... Free radical; Radical (chemistry) * Disposable soma theory of aging;

  4. Free-radical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical_reaction

    A free-radical reaction is any chemical reaction involving free radicals. This reaction type is abundant in organic reactions . Two pioneering studies into free radical reactions have been the discovery of the triphenylmethyl radical by Moses Gomberg (1900) and the lead-mirror experiment [ 1 ] described by Friedrich Paneth in 1927.

  5. Hydroxyl radical - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyl_radical

    Most notably hydroxyl radicals are produced from the decomposition of hydroperoxides (ROOH) or, in atmospheric chemistry, by the reaction of excited atomic oxygen with water. It is also an important radical formed in radiation chemistry, since it leads to the formation of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen , which can enhance corrosion and stress ...

  6. List of chemists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemists

    This is a list of chemists. It should include those who have been important to the development or practice of chemistry. Their research or application has made significant contributions in the area of basic or applied chemistry.

  7. Free-radical addition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical_addition

    Chain propagation: A radical reacts with a non-radical to produce a new radical species; Chain termination: Two radicals react with each other to create a non-radical species; In a free-radical addition, there are two chain propagation steps. In one, the adding radical attaches to a multiply-bonded precursor to give a radical with lesser bond ...

  8. Cage effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cage_effect

    In polymers, the probability of a free radical pair to escape recombination in the cage is 0.1 – 0.01 and 0.3-0.8 in liquids. [5] In unimolecular chemistry, geminate recombination has first been studied in the solution phase using iodine molecules [10] and heme proteins.

  9. Stable phosphorus radicals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_phosphorus_radicals

    Stable and persistent phosphorus radicals are phosphorus-centred radicals that are isolable and can exist for at least short periods of time. [1] Radicals consisting of main group elements are often very reactive and undergo uncontrollable reactions, notably dimerization and polymerization . [ 2 ]