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Pontiac fever is an acute, nonfatal respiratory disease caused by various species of Gram-negative bacteria in the genus Legionella. It causes a mild upper respiratory infection that resembles acute influenza.
CDC investigators quickly discovered outbreaks of respiratory disease caused by L. pneumophila dating back to 1959. An outbreak of what was dubbed Pontiac fever occurred in a health department in Pontiac, Michigan in July 1967. No one died. [19] Although caused by the same bacterium, Pontiac fever is a milder ailment than Legionnaires' disease.
A legionellosis is any disease caused by Legionella, including Legionnaires' disease (a pneumonia) and Pontiac fever (a related upper respiratory tract infection), [10] but Legionnaires' disease is the most common, so mentions of legionellosis often refer to Legionnaires' disease. The bacterium is found naturally in fresh water. [4]
This is a list of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks; Legionnaire's is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by gram negative, aerobic bacteria belonging to the genus Legionella. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The first reported outbreak was in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1976 during a Legionnaires Convention at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel .
It is known to cause legionellosis [3] (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. [3] These bacteria are common in many places, like soil and water. There are over 50 species and 70 types identified.
Legionella feeleii is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Legionella which was isolated from an automobile plant and which was held responsible for causing Pontiac fever in 317 workers. [3] [4] The organism did not grow on blood agar, required L-cysteine, and showed significant quantities of branched-chain fatty acids.
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For example, Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii and Legionella pneumophila causes Legionnaires' disease [3] [4] and Pontiac fever. [5] [6] [7]