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The pharmacology of estradiol, an estrogen medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone, concerns its pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and various routes of administration. [1] [2] [3] Estradiol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like endogenous ...
6.1 Pharmacodynamics. 6.2 ... Estradiol (E2) is a medication ... There is an interaction between estradiol and alcohol such that alcohol considerably increases ...
Estradiol levels on the first day after single dose of 0.25 mg buccal estradiol or at steady state after the last dose with 0.25 mg buccal estradiol twice daily once every 12 hours (0.5 mg/day total) in 6 postmenopausal women. [142] Estradiol has been studied for use by buccal administration.
Estradiol valerate (EV), sold for use by mouth under the brand name Progynova and for use by injection under the brand names Delestrogen and Progynon Depot among others, is an estrogen medication. It is used in hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms and low estrogen levels, hormone therapy for transgender people, and in hormonal birth control.
Alcohol is also converted into phosphatidylethanol (PEth, an unnatural lipid metabolite) by phospholipase D2. This metabolite competes with PIP 2 agonist sites on lipid-gated ion channels. [28] [29] The result of these direct effects is a wave of further indirect effects involving a variety of other neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems. [25]
Estradiol dienanthate (EDE), sold under the brand names Climacteron among others, ... Pharmacodynamics. EDE is an estradiol ester, or a prodrug ...
Estradiol hexahydrobenzoate (EHHB), sold under a number of brand names including Benzo-Ginoestril A.P., BenzoGynoestryl Retard, Ginestryl-15-Depot, Menodin, and Tardoginestryl, is an estrogen medication which was previously used for indications such as menopausal hormone therapy and gynecological disorders.
Estradiol dipropionate is an estradiol ester, or a prodrug of estradiol. [4] [5] As such, it is an estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptors. [4] [5] Estradiol dipropionate is of about 41% higher molecular weight than estradiol due to the presence of its C3 and C17β propionate esters.