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Gleason (2001) defines a communication disorder as a speech and language disorder which refers to problems in communication and in related areas such as oral motor function. The delays and disorders can range from simple sound substitution to the inability to understand or use one's native language. [ 3 ]
The term libretto is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as the Mass, requiem and sacred cantata, or the story line of a ballet. The Italian word libretto ( pronounced [liˈbretto] , plural libretti [liˈbretti] ) is the diminutive of the word libro ("book").
Similarly, neuroscientists have come to learn much about music cognition by studying music-specific disorders. Even though music is most often viewed from a "historical perspective rather than a biological one" [ 1 ] music has significantly gained the attention of neuroscientists all around the world.
Most children with communication disorders can speak by the time they enter school, however, they continue to have problems with communication. [4] School-aged children often have problems understanding and formulating words. [4] Teens may have more difficulty with understanding or expressing abstract ideas. [4]
Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder (DSM-IV 315.32) [1] is a communication disorder in which both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe. [2] Children with this disorder have difficulty understanding words and sentences.
Studies show that CD is associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders history in the family, among their parents and siblings. [19] Children’s level of CD will link to the way of communication between parents. The parents who both have a pathologic affective style of communication will lead a high level of CD in their children.
While autistic children exhibit pragmatic language impairment, this type of communication disorder can also be found in individuals with other types of disorders including auditory processing disorders, neuropathies, encephalopathies, and certain genetic disorders.
Speech–language pathology (a.k.a. speech and language pathology or logopedics) is a healthcare and academic discipline concerning the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of communication disorders, including expressive and mixed receptive-expressive language disorders, voice disorders, speech sound disorders, speech disfluency, pragmatic language impairments, and social communication ...