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Since the Enlightenment, the term Celtic has been applied to a wide variety of peoples and cultural traits present and past. Today, Celtic is often used to describe people of the Celtic nations (the Bretons, the Cornish, the Irish, the Manx, the Scots and the Welsh) and their respective cultures and languages. [8]
[2] [20] [21] A modern Celtic identity [22] was constructed as part of the Romanticist Celtic Revival in Britain, Ireland, and other European territories such as Galicia. [23] Today, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh, and Breton are still spoken in parts of their former territories, while Cornish and Manx are undergoing a revival.
The Celtic nations or Celtic countries [1] are a cultural area and collection of geographical regions in Northwestern Europe where the Celtic languages and cultural traits have survived. [2] The term nation is used in its original sense to mean a people who share a common identity and culture and are identified with a traditional territory.
The Insular Celts were speakers of the Insular Celtic languages in the British Isles and Brittany. The term is mostly used for the Celtic peoples of the isles up until the early Middle Ages, covering the British–Irish Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain. They included the Celtic Britons, the Picts, and the Gaels.
Celtic (disambiguation) Celtic identity; Celtic Revival, a variety of movements and trends in the 19th and 20th centuries that saw a renewed interest in aspects of Celtic culture; Gaels, an ethnolinguistic group native to Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man; Insular art, mostly originating from the Irish monastic movement of Celtic Christianity
The interrelationships of ethnicity, language and culture in the Celtic world are unclear and debated; for example over the ways in which the Iron Age people of Britain and Ireland should be called Celts. In current scholarship, 'Celt' primarily refers to 'speakers of Celtic languages' rather than to a single ethnic group.
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"The Coming of the Sons of Miled", illustration by J. C. Leyendecker in T. W. Rolleston's Myths & Legends of the Celtic Race, 1911. The Milesians or sons of Míl are the final race to settle in Ireland, according to the Lebor Gabála Érenn, a medieval Irish Christian history.