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The Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence's (HAI) Center for Research on Foundation Models (CRFM) coined the term "foundation model" in August 2021 [16] to mean "any model that is trained on broad data (generally using self-supervision at scale) that can be adapted (e.g., fine-tuned) to a wide range of downstream tasks". [17]
IBM Granite is a series of decoder-only AI foundation models created by IBM. [3] It was announced on September 7, 2023, [4] [5] and an initial paper was published 4 days later. [6] Initially intended for use in the IBM's cloud-based data and generative AI platform Watsonx along with other models, [7] IBM opened the source code of some code models.
Artificial intelligence engineering (or AI engineering) is a technical discipline that focuses on the design, development, and deployment of AI systems. AI engineering involves applying engineering principles and methodologies to create scalable, efficient, and reliable AI-based solutions.
The foundation model allowed us to “see” adversaries’ intention to exploit known vulnerabilities in the client environment and their plans to exfiltrate data upon a successful compromise.
Generative pretraining (GP) was a long-established concept in machine learning applications. [16] [17] It was originally used as a form of semi-supervised learning, as the model is trained first on an unlabelled dataset (pretraining step) by learning to generate datapoints in the dataset, and then it is trained to classify a labelled dataset.
Originally, Llama was only available as a foundation model. [6] Starting with Llama 2, Meta AI started releasing instruction fine-tuned versions alongside foundation models. [7] Model weights for the first version of Llama were made available to the research community under a non-commercial license, and access was granted on a case-by-case basis.
Open-source artificial intelligence is an AI system that is freely available to use, study, modify, and share. [1] These attributes extend to each of the system's components, including datasets, code, and model parameters, promoting a collaborative and transparent approach to AI development. [1]
CALO, a DARPA-funded, 25-institution effort to integrate many artificial intelligence approaches (natural language processing, speech recognition, machine vision, probabilistic logic, planning, reasoning, many forms of machine learning) into an AI assistant that learns to help manage your office environment. [7]