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Internal conflict: Islamic State of Indonesia People's Democratic Front. Indonesian independence from the Netherlands Dutch recognition of the Indonesian independence in the Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference; Formation of the United States of Indonesia; Creation of the Netherlands-Indonesia Union; Darul Islam rebellion (1949–1962) Indonesia
While the government of Indonesia asserted that the purpose of the 2006 decree was to reduce inter-faith conflict, many persons and organizations assert that the decree is unconstitutional, [7] [10] is contrary to treaties ratified by Indonesia, and has increased inter-faith conflict and the ability of a region's majority faith to suppress ...
The Sukarno era was characterised by a "distrust" between religion and the state; [31] an example of this was the passing of a presidential edict in late January 1965 (still completely in force today and will be partially repealed starting 2026) which alongside attempting to ban religious blasphemy also explicitly declared in its explanatory ...
The Maluku sectarian conflict was a period of ethno-political conflict along religious lines that occurred in the Maluku Islands in Indonesia, with particularly serious disturbances on the islands of Ambon and Halmahera.
In 2022, Freedom House rated Indonesia’s religious freedom as 1 out of 4, [25] noting that Indonesia officially recognizes Islam, Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Individuals may leave the “religion” section on their identity cards blank, but will often face discrimination.
In Indonesia, communal violence is defined as that is driven by a sense of religious, ethnic or tribal solidarity. The equivalence of tribalism to ethnicity was referred locally as kesukuan. [12] Communal violence in Indonesia includes numerous localized conflicts between various social groups found on its islands. [52]
Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratisation process, and periods of rapid economic growth. Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct ethnic and linguistic groups, with Javanese being the largest.
Author Karen Armstrong, of Irish Catholic descent, echoes these sentiments by arguing that so-called religious conflicts such as the Crusades, the Spanish Inquisition, and the European wars of religion were all deeply political conflicts at their cores rather than religious ones, especially since people from different faiths became allies and ...