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Ca(NO 3) 2 + 2 NH 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O → 2 NH 4 NO 3 + CaCO 3. The products, calcium carbonate and ammonium nitrate, may be separately purified or sold combined as calcium ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate can also be made via metathesis reactions: (NH 4) 2 SO 4 + Ba(NO 3) 2 → 2 NH 4 NO 3 + BaSO 4 (NH 4) 2 SO 4 + Ca(NO 3) 2 → 2 NH 4 NO 3 ...
In the NO − 3 anion, the oxidation state of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible oxidation number of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful oxidizer as evidenced by its explosive behaviour at high temperature when it is detonated in ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3), or black powder, ignited by the shock wave of a primary explosive.
[1]: 217 Here the nitrogen oxidation numbers change from (+4 and +4) to (+3 and +5). + + [1]: 224 These solvents all possess atoms with odd atomic numbers, either nitrogen or a halogen.
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}} See also [ edit ]
2 HNO 3 ⇌ H 2 NO + 3 + NO − 3 ⇌ H 2 O + [NO 2] + + [NO 3] −. Two hydrates, HNO 3 ·H 2 O and HNO 3 ·3H 2 O, are known that can be crystallised. It is a strong acid and concentrated solutions are strong oxidising agents, though gold, platinum, rhodium, and iridium are immune to attack.
NO y (or NOy) refers to the sum of NO x and all oxidized atmospheric odd-nitrogen species (e.g. the sum of NO x, HNO 3, HNO 2, etc.) NO z (or NO z ) = NO y − NO x Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen ("MON"): solutions of nitric oxide in dinitrogen tetroxide/nitrogen dioxide.
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As an example, summing bond orders in the ammonium cation yields −4 at the nitrogen of formal charge +1, with the two numbers adding to the oxidation state of −3: The sum of oxidation states in the ion equals its charge (as it equals zero for a neutral molecule).