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  2. Residual-current device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual-current_device

    A residual-current device (RCD), residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB) or ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) [a] is an electrical safety device that interrupts an electrical circuit when the current passing through a conductor is not equal and opposite in both directions, therefore indicating leakage current to ground or current flowing to another powered conductor.

  3. Selectivity (circuit breakers) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selectivity_(circuit_breakers)

    Selectivity, also known as circuit breaker discrimination, is the coordination of overcurrent protection devices so that a fault in the installation is cleared by the protection device located immediately upstream of the fault. The purpose of selectivity is to minimize the impact of a failure on the network.

  4. Circuit breaker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_breaker

    Actuator lever – used to manually trip and reset the circuit breaker. Also indicates the status of the circuit breaker (On or Off/tripped). Most breakers are designed so they can still trip even if the lever is held or locked in the "on" position. This is sometimes referred to as "free trip" or "positive trip" operation.

  5. Fault current limiter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_current_limiter

    However, this also limits the ability of the circuit to satisfy rapidly changing demand, so the addition or removal of large loads causes unstable power. [ citation needed ] A fault current limiter is a nonlinear element which has a low impedance at normal current levels, but presents a higher impedance at fault current levels.

  6. Electrical fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_fault

    An asymmetric or unbalanced fault does not affect each of the phases equally. Common types of asymmetric fault, and their causes: line-to-line fault - a short circuit between lines, caused by ionization of air, or when lines come into physical contact, for example due to a broken insulator. In transmission line faults, roughly 5% - 10% are ...

  7. Earth-leakage circuit breaker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth-leakage_circuit_breaker

    An earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is a safety device used in electrical installations with high Earth impedance to prevent shock. It detects small stray voltages on the metal enclosures of electrical equipment, and interrupts the circuit if a dangerous voltage is detected.

  8. Arc flash - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc_flash

    One of the most common causes of arc-flash injuries happens when switching on electrical circuits and, especially, tripped circuit-breakers. A tripped circuit-breaker often indicates a fault has occurred somewhere down the line from the panel. The fault must usually be isolated before switching the power on, or an arc flash can easily be generated.

  9. Breaking capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking_capacity

    The current breaking capacity corresponds to a certain voltage, so an electrical apparatus may have more than one breaking capacity current, according to the actual operating voltage. Breaking current may be stated in terms of the total current or just in terms of the alternating-current (symmetrical) component.