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The Human Protein Atlas contains information about the human proteins in cells, tissues, and organs. All the data in the knowledge resource is open access to allow scientists both in academia and industry to freely access the data for exploration of the human proteome.
Human angiogenin diverged from ribonuclease, for example, and while the two paralogs remain similar in tertiary structure, their functions within the cell are now quite different. [ citation needed ] It is often asserted that orthologs are more functionally similar than paralogs of similar divergence, but several papers have challenged this notion.
The human genome, categorized by function of each gene product, given both as number of genes and as percentage of all genes. [7] Proteins may also be classified based on their cellular function. A widely used classification is PANTHER (protein analysis through evolutionary relationships) classification system. [7]
The human interactome is the set of protein–protein interactions (the interactome) that occur in human cells. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The sequencing of reference genomes, in particular the Human Genome Project , has revolutionized human genetics , molecular biology , and clinical medicine .
The depth of the plasma proteome encompasses a dynamic range of more than 10 10 between the highest abundant protein (albumin) and the lowest (some cytokines) and is thought to be one of the main challenges for proteomics. [81] Temporal and spatial dynamics further complicate the study of human plasma proteome.
An example of a protein structure from Protein Data Bank.. Structural genomics seeks to describe the 3-dimensional structure of every protein encoded by a given genome.This genome-based approach allows for a high-throughput method of structure determination by a combination of experimental and modeling approaches.
The Human Proteome Project [1] (HPP) is a collaborative effort coordinated by the Human Proteome Organization. [2] Its stated goal is to experimentally observe all of the proteins produced by the sequences translated from the human genome .
On average, 0.05 and 0.07% of the bacterial and archaeal proteomes (total amino acids of LCRs in a given proteome/total amino acids of that proteome) form LCRs whereas for five model eukaryotic proteomes (human, fruitfly, yeast, fission yeast, Arabidopsis) this coverage was significantly higher (on average, 0.4%; between 2 and 23 times higher ...