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Visual loss in children or infants can occur either at the prenatal stage (during the time of conception or intrauterine period) or postnatal stage (immediately after birth). [3] There are multiple possible causes of congenital blindness. In general, 60% of congenital blindness cases are contributed from prenatal stage and 40% are contributed ...
The effect of consumption of alcohol differs during each of these developmental stages: [18] From conception and to the third week, the most susceptible systems and organs are the brain, spinal cord, and heart. The effects of alcohol consumption early in the pregnancy can result in defects to these systems and organs. [18]
Approximately 2/3 of all cases of anophthalmia are determined to be of genetic basis. Anophthalmia is one of the leading causes of congenital blindness and accounts for 3-11% of blindness in children. [20] Anophthalmia and microphthalmia together make up 1.7-1.8% of reconstructive surgical cases in laboratory of plastic surgery and ocular ...
The diagnosis of deafblindness could be medically classified into specific types based on one's symptoms and causes. [4] The two overarching types of deafblindness are congenital and acquired. [9] [10]: 36–74 Congenital deafblindness: the condition of deafblindness from birth Pregnancy complexities [10]: 50–67 Effects of alcohol/drugs
Globally, the number children with blindness is approximately 1.4 million, representing 4% of the global blind population, and an additional 17.5 million are at risk of developing poor vision. [31] Although this number is significantly lower than the number of blind adults, the estimated economic and social burden of blindness for children is ...
ONH is the single leading cause of permanent legal blindness in children in the western world. [12] The incidence of ONH is increasing, although it is difficult to estimate the true prevalence. Between 1980 and 1999, the occurrences of ONH in Sweden increased four-fold to 7.2 per 100,000, while all other causes of childhood blindness had declined.
Congenital cataracts are responsible for nearly 10% of all vision loss in children worldwide. Congenital cataracts are one of the most common treatable causes of visual impairment and blindness during infancy, with an estimated prevalence of 1 to 6 cases per 10,000 live births.
The most common congenital infection to cause congenital cataracts is Rubella. [4] Rubella is especially common, with a higher incidence in India. [4] Rubella is characterized by a triad of features: congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss, and patent ductus arteriosus (a congenital heart condition). [4] Trauma can cause cataracts in ...