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  2. Mind–body dualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_dualism

    Dualism is closely associated with the thought of René Descartes (1641), who holds that the mind is a nonphysical—and therefore, non-spatial—substance. Descartes clearly identified the mind with consciousness and self-awareness and distinguished this from the physical brain as the seat of intelligence. [8]

  3. Interactionism (philosophy of mind) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactionism_(philosophy...

    Interactionism was propounded by the French rationalist philosopher René Descartes (1596–1650), and continues to be associated with him. Descartes posited that the body, being physical matter, was characterized by spatial extension but not by thought and feeling, while the mind, being a separate substance, had no spatial extension but could think and feel. [2]

  4. Mind–body problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind–body_problem

    Illustration of mind–body dualism by René Descartes.Inputs are passed by the sensory organs to the pineal gland, and from there to the immaterial spirit.. The mind–body problem is a philosophical problem concerning the relationship between thought and consciousness in the human mind and body.

  5. Philosophy of mind - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_mind

    Interactionist dualism, or simply interactionism, is the particular form of dualism first espoused by Descartes in the Meditations. [4] In the 20th century, its major defenders have been Karl Popper and John Carew Eccles. [37] It is the view that mental states, such as beliefs and desires, causally interact with physical states. [5]

  6. René Descartes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/René_Descartes

    Descartes's dualism provided the philosophical rationale for the latter by expelling the final cause from the physical universe (or res extensa) in favor of the mind (or res cogitans). Therefore, while Cartesian dualism paved the way for modern physics, it also held the door open for religious beliefs about the immortality of the soul. [105]

  7. Cartesianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesianism

    In the Netherlands, where Descartes had lived for a long time, Cartesianism was a doctrine popular mainly among university professors and lecturers.In Germany the influence of this doctrine was not relevant and followers of Cartesianism in the German-speaking border regions between these countries (e.g., the iatromathematician Yvo Gaukes from East Frisia) frequently chose to publish their ...

  8. Cartesian Self - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_Self

    In philosophy, the Cartesian Self, or Cartesian subject, a concept developed by the philosopher René Descartes within his system of mind–body dualism, is the term provided [citation needed] for a separation between mind and body as posited by Descartes.

  9. Res extensa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_extensa

    Res extensa is one of the two substances described by René Descartes in his Cartesian ontology [1] (often referred to as "radical dualism"), alongside res cogitans.Translated from Latin, "res extensa" means "extended thing" while the latter is described as "a thinking and unextended thing". [2]