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The distance between Qazigund, north of the Pir Panjal Range, and Banihal, south of the range, is 35 km by road but only 17 km by railway, and may cut time and costs by three-quarters. From Banihal, there is bus service south to Udhampur and Jammu.
It reduces the distance between Jammu and Srinagar by 30 km and travel time by two hours. The all-weather tunnel bypasses snowfall and avalanche prone areas in winter at places like Patnitop, Kud, and Batote that obstruct NH 44 every winter and cause long queues of vehicles; sometimes for days. [4]
Its construction started in 2011 and was completed in 2021. It is one of the longest tunnels in India, with a length of 8.45 km (5.25 mi). The tunnel reduces the distance between the cities of Srinagar and Jammu by 16 km. [1] It also reduces the travel time between these cities from 6 hours to 5.5 hours. [2]
A need was felt to construct another tunnel at a lower elevation. The new 8.5 km long tunnel with two tubes of two-lane road in each direction at elevation of 1,790 m (5,870 ft), 400 m lower than Jawahar Tunnel, was constructed in 2011-2019 and opened in 2021. It reduced the distance from Jammu to Srinagar by 16 km.
The tunnel facilitates transportation during winter (when inclement weather closes the Srinagar-Jammu highway), and halves the distance between Quazigund and Banihal (35 km by road and 17.5 km by train). [54] The Banihal railway station is 1,702 m (5,584 ft) above mean sea level, and trains run from Banihal to Qazigund through the tunnel.
National Highway 44 (NH 44) is a major north–south National Highway in India and is the longest in the country.. It passes through the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, in addition to the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
Schematic map of National Highways in India. National Highway 1 (NH 1) in India runs between the union territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh. It comprises parts of old NH1A and NH1D. [1] [2] The number 1 indicates, under the new numbering system, [2] that it is the northernmost East-West highway in India.
Patnitop is a hill station, located, between Ramban Town and Udhampur city in the Udhampur district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. [1] It is in located on the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway (which is part of National Highway 44, formerly 1A), 112 km (70 mi) from Jammu, on the way from Udhampur to Srinagar.