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Medicine: Organic synthesis plays a vital role in drug discovery, allowing chemists to develop and optimize new drugs by modifying organic molecules. [9] Additionally, the synthesis of metal complexes for medical imaging and cancer treatments is a key application of chemical synthesis, enabling advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. [10]
Robert Burns Woodward, who received the 1965 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for several total syntheses [5] including his synthesis of strychnine, [6] is regarded as the grandfather of modern organic synthesis. [7] Some latter-day examples of syntheses include Wender's, [8] Holton's, [9] Nicolaou's, [10] and Danishefsky's [11] total syntheses of the ...
For example, here is a set photochemical reactions of species in the Miller-Urey atmosphere that can result in formaldehyde: [31] H 2 O + hv → H + OH [34] CH 4 + OH → CH 3 + HOH [35] CH 3 + OH → CH 3 OH [36] CH 3 OH + hv → CH 2 O (formaldehyde) + H 2 [37] A) Cyanohydrin (top) and Strecker (bottom) schemes for synthesis of hydroxy acids ...
For example, while synthetic biology may lead to more efficient production of medical treatments, it may also lead to synthesis or modification of harmful pathogens (e.g., smallpox). [213] The biohacking community remains a source of special concern, as the distributed and diffuse nature of open-source biotechnology makes it difficult to track ...
One example of the Strecker synthesis is a multikilogram scale synthesis of an L-valine derivative starting from Methyl isopropyl ketone: [5] (CH 3) 2 CHC(O)CH 3 + HCN + NH 3 → (CH 3) 2 CHC(CN)(NH 2)CH 3 + H 2 O. The initial reaction product of 3-methyl-2butanone with sodium cyanide and ammonia is resolved by application of L-tartaric acid ...
Convergent synthesis or linear synthesis, a strategy to improve the efficiency of multi-step chemical syntheses Dehydration synthesis , a chemical synthesis resulting in the loss of a water molecule Biosynthesis , the creation of an organic compound in a living organism, usually aided by enzymes
The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol . This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. [ 2 ] Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an S N 2 reaction .
One example of a synthesis reaction is the combination of iron and sulfur to form iron(II) sulfide: + Another example is simple hydrogen gas combined with simple oxygen gas to produce a more complex substance, such as water. [21]