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The broken-window scenario is used as an analogy for destruction by natural disasters. [6] Disasters disrupt economic activity. [7] The economic effects of natural disasters are varied. [8] Firefighters at work in the Taisho-suji Market in Kobe, Japan after a 1995 earthquake.
James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling first introduced the broken windows theory in an article titled "Broken Windows", in the March 1982 issue of The Atlantic Monthly: Social psychologists and police officers tend to agree that if a window in a building is broken and is left unrepaired, all the rest of the windows will soon be broken.
Finally, the art of economics consists of looking not just at the immediate effects of a policy but at its longer-term effects for all groups. [3] Chapter 2, "The Broken Window", uses the example of a broken window to demonstrate what Hazlitt considers the fallacy that destruction can be good for the economy. He argues that while the broken ...
A member of the French National Assembly, Bastiat developed the economic concept of opportunity cost and introduced the parable of the broken window. [2] He was described as "the most brilliant economic journalist who ever lived" by economic theorist Joseph Schumpeter. [3]
Broken window may refer to: Broken window fallacy, economic theory illustrating why destruction, and the money spent to recover from destruction, is not actually a net benefit to society; Broken windows theory, criminological theory of the norm-setting and signaling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and anti-social behavior
Most business cycle theories focused on a single factor, [9] such as monetary policy or the impact of weather on the largely agricultural economies of the time. [8] Although business cycle theory was well established by the 1920s, work by theorists such as Dennis Robertson and Ralph Hawtrey had little impact on public policy. [11]
Goodhart's law is an adage often stated as, "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure". [1] It is named after British economist Charles Goodhart, who is credited with expressing the core idea of the adage in a 1975 article on monetary policy in the United Kingdom: [2]
The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference is the debut book by Malcolm Gladwell, first published by Little, Brown in 2000. Gladwell defines a tipping point as "the moment of critical mass, the threshold, the boiling point."