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Bedwetting children are often normal emotionally and physically, although enuresis can be caused by other health conditions. [10] Primary nocturnal enuresis can have multiple causes, which can make approaching a course of treatment more difficult. [12] Enuresis can be caused by one or more of the following: [13]
Nocturnal enuresis (NE), also informally called bedwetting, is involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which bladder control usually begins. [1] Bedwetting in children and adults can result in emotional stress. [2] Complications can include urinary tract infections. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Giggle incontinence is more common in children than adults, typically appearing at ages 5 to 7, [2] and is most common in girls near the onset of puberty [3] but can also happen to boys/males. The condition tends to improve with age, with fewer episodes during the teenage years, [ 2 ] but may persist into the teenage years or adulthood. [ 3 ]
Diurnal enuresis is daytime wetting (functional daytime urinary incontinence). Nocturnal enuresis is nighttime wetting. Enuresis is defined as the involuntary voiding of urine beyond the age of anticipated control. Both of these conditions can occur at the same time, although many children with nighttime wetting will
[2] [3] The term enuresis is often used to refer to urinary incontinence primarily in children, such as nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting). [4] UI is an example of a stigmatized medical condition, which creates barriers to successful management and makes the problem worse. [5]
The enuresis alarm methodology originated from French and German physicians in the first decade of the 20th century. Meinhard von Pfaundler, a German pediatrician made the discovery accidentally, with the original intention to create an alarm device that would notify nursing staff when a child had bed wetting and needed to be changed, showing the device to have a significant therapeutic ...
The majority of children with enuresis show no other symptoms besides wetting the bed at night. If other symptoms are present, such as blood stains in their underwear or unusual pain, the child is likely to have a more serious medical problem.
Viloxazine has undergone two randomized controlled trials for nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) in children, both of those times versus imipramine. [36] [37] By 1990, it was seen as a less cardiotoxic alternative to imipramine, and to be especially effective in heavy sleepers. [38]