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Protein toxicity is the effect of the buildup of protein metabolic waste compounds, like urea, uric acid, ammonia, and creatinine. Protein toxicity has many causes, including urea cycle disorders, genetic mutations, excessive protein intake, and insufficient kidney function, such as chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury .
Toxicity occurs through overdosage with an appropriate product or use of an agricultural product. Signs for both include hypersalivation, vomiting, lethargy, tremors, difficulty walking, weakness, and death. [174] Chocolate is a common cause of poisoning in dogs. The toxic principles in chocolate are theobromine and caffeine.
The symptoms of poisoning vary depending on substance, the quantity a dog has consumed, the breed and size of the mammal.A common list of symptoms are digestion problems, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or blood in stool; bruising and bleeding gums, nose, or inside the ear canal; behavioral changes, such as lethargy, hyperactivity, and seizures; unusual items found in the dog's stool.
Menu Foods' recalled products alone represent nearly 100 brands of cat and dog food, and as of 11 April, are the only brands known to have caused sickness in animals. Below is an overview of affected brands, as provided by the FDA and the companies: Menu Foods: Over 50 brands of dog food, [9] and over 40 brands of cat food. [10]
Dangerous side effects from the injectable canine drug Librela — used to treat osteoarthritis joint pain — have been linked to seizures, lameness and loss of muscle control, the FDA warned.
Although a small preliminary study [54] indicated xylitol may be safe for dogs, other studies show significant toxicity. [55] There have been cases of foods, candies and gums containing xylitol causing toxic or even fatal liver damage in dogs. [56] [57] [58] Ingestion may cause hypoglycemia. [38]
The reason some dogs develop kidney failure following ingestion of grapes and raisins is not known. [3] Types of grapes involved include both seedless and seeded, store-bought and homegrown, and grape pressings from wineries. [4] A mycotoxin is suspected to be involved, but none has been found in grapes or raisins ingested by affected dogs. [5]
Nestlé Purina PetCare announced a voluntary recall of prescription dog food after discovering potentially elevated levels of vitamin D, which can cause health issues for dogs.
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