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The International Opium Convention (or 1912 Opium Convention) which was signed at the end of the Hague Conference, on 23 January 1912, is considered as the first international drug control treaty. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on January 23, 1922. [ 4 ]
A plaque which commemorates International Opium Commission, outside of the Peace Hotel on the Bund. The International Opium Commission was a meeting convened on February 1 to February 26, 1909 in Shanghai that represented one of the first steps toward international drug prohibition.
Articles V and VI regulated the export and transport of opium and dross. Article VII required governments to discourage the use of opium through instruction in schools, literature, and other methods. The Agreement was superseded by the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
Following the 1909 Shanghai International Opium Commission, an International Opium Convention was adopted in 1925 and established the Permanent Central Opium Board (PCOB) which started its work in 1928. Later on, the 1931 Convention created the Drug Supervisory Body to gather estimates, in complement of the PCOB.
An International Opium Convention was signed by 13 nations at The Hague on January 23, 1912, during the First International Opium Conference. This was the first international drug control treaty and it was registered in the League of Nations Treaty Series on January 23, 1922. [ 26 ]
Before the creation of the League, there existed an international Convention – the Hague Opium Convention of 1912 – that never entered into force. The signatories of the Treaty of Versailles agreed by Art. 295 to ratify it, ipso facto. The 1912 Convention imposed, for the first time, certain obligations for regulating the trade in and ...
Portugal's first major drug laws were enacted in 1924 [5] and 1926, [6] mainly incorporating into domestic law the International Opium Convention. [7] In 1970, the country's drug law underwent a major update, with the introduction of a legal definition of narcotic products, a drug schedule, and legal regime for punishing drug trafficking and consumption.
In the United States, control of opium remained under the control of individual US states until the introduction of the Harrison Act in 1914, after 12 international powers signed the International Opium Convention in 1912. Between 1920 and c. 1933, the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution banned alcohol in the United States.