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The region today: Israel, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights The history of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict traces back to the late 19th century when Zionists sought to establish a homeland for the Jewish people in Ottoman-controlled Palestine, a region roughly corresponding to the Land of Israel in Jewish tradition.
Stern proposed an alliance with Nazi Germany, offering the Germans help in conquering the Middle East and driving out the British in exchange for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine, which would then take in European Jewry. [15] This proposal, which never received a reply, cost Lehi and Stern much support. [16]
Falastin newspaper edition in 1932 featuring a caricature lamenting Balfour declaration's impacts on Palestine, showing Jewish immigration, and dispossession of Arab peasants. The declaration had two indirect consequences, the emergence of Israel and a chronic state of conflict between Arabs and Jews throughout the Middle East.
But the protests continued, reaching fever pitch in 1933, as more Jewish immigrants arrived to make a home for themselves, the influx accelerating from 4,000 in 1931 to 62,000 in 1935.
The agreement brought 52,000 German Jews to Palestine between 1933 and 1939, and generated $30,000,000 for the then almost bankrupt Jewish Agency, but in addition to the difficulties with the Revisionists, who advocated a boycott of Germany, it caused the Yishuv to be isolated from the rest of world Jewry. [156] [157] [158]
Plan Dalet, Master Plan for the Conquest of Palestine. Middle East Forum, November 1961. Lewis, Bernard (1997) [First published 1995]. The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2,000 Years. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-83280-7. Lockman, Zachary (1996). Comrades and Enemies: Arab and Jewish Workers in Palestine, 1906–1948.
In 1916 Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca (in Arabia), began an "Arab Revolt" hoping to create an Arab state in the Middle East. In the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence British representatives promised they would allow him to create such a state (the boundaries were vague). They also provided him with large sums of money to fund his revolt.
On May 14, 1948, at the end of the British Mandate, the Jewish People's Council gathered in Tel Aviv and the chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, [22] declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as the State of Israel. [23] U.S. President Harry Truman recognised the State of Israel de facto the following day.