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The CIA executed operations of their own: in 1982, a CIA-trained team blew up two bridges in Nicaragua and mined Corinto harbor, which may have been carried out by members of the U.S. military rather than through the indigenous assets the CIA claimed it used. The mines were an attempt to disrupt the Nicaraguan economy by closing down the main ...
On October 5, 1986, Hasenfus was aboard a Fairchild C-123 cargo plane, N4410F, when it was shot down over Nicaragua by the Sandinista government with a Soviet SA-7 surface-to-air missile. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The aircraft was brought down when it was approximately 35 miles (56 km) north of the border with Costa Rica, and a little over 90 miles (140 km ...
HPF821 was operated by Corporate Air Services, a front for Southern Air Transport, the registered owner of the aircraft. [3] Some of the pilots and crew involved with the Contra supply flights, including Eugene Hasenfus, had been involved in the CIA's aerial supply activities during the Vietnam War, using Air America, Southern Air Transport, and other CIA proprietary airlines.
The Central Intelligence Agency Office of the Inspector General report on the claims made in the Dark Alliance newspaper series, released in two volumes, volume 1 on January 29, 1998, and volume 2 on October 8, 1998. Schou, Nick (2006). Kill the messenger: how the CIA's crack-cocaine controversy destroyed journalist Gary Webb. Nation Books.
High Times, June 1986, pp. 22–23. Archived from the original. Books. Gugliotta, Guy; Leen, Jeff (1989). Kings of Cocaine: Inside the Medellín Cartel - An Astonishing True Story of Murder, Money and International Corruption. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-64957-9. Hahn, Del (2016). Smuggler's End: The Life and Death of Barry Seal.
The Republic of Nicaragua v. The United States of America (1986) [2] was a case where the International Court of Justice (ICJ) held that the U.S. had violated international law by supporting the Contras in their rebellion against the Sandinistas and by mining Nicaragua's harbors.
By 1986 the contras were besieged by charges of corruption, human-rights abuses, and military ineptitude. [104] A much-vaunted early 1986 offensive never materialized, and Contra forces were largely reduced to isolated acts of terrorism. [6] In October 1987, however, the contras staged a successful attack in southern Nicaragua. [105]
Robert Earle Parry (June 24, 1949 – January 27, 2018) [1] was an American investigative journalist.He was known for his role in covering the Iran–Contra affair for the Associated Press (AP) and Newsweek, including breaking the Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare (CIA manual provided to the Nicaraguan contras) and the CIA involvement in Contra cocaine trafficking in the U.S ...