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In particular, the term is used in connection with mainframes [11] [12] or enterprise computing, often as part of a service-level agreement. Similarly, percentages ending in a 5 have conventional names, traditionally the number of nines, then "five", so 99.95% is "three nines five", abbreviated 3N5.
Service Level Agreement (SLA): contract based on these objectives; a sample clause may be "if availability is 99% to 99.95% in a given month, the customer gets 10% off their monthly bill". [5] SLIs form the basis of SLOs, which in turn form the basis of SLAs.
Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole. [1] This includes regional, national, and global economies .
Other schools of economic thought, such as new classical macroeconomics, [citation needed] hold that countercyclical policies may be counterproductive or destabilizing, and therefore favor a laissez-faire fiscal policy as a better method for maintaining an overall robust economy. When the government adopts a countercyclical fiscal policy in ...
The economic concept dates back to Adam Smith and the idea of obtaining larger production returns through the use of division of labor. [2] Diseconomies of scale are the opposite. Economies of scale often have limits, such as passing the optimum design point where costs per additional unit begin to increase.
Full employment is an economic situation in which there is no cyclical or deficient-demand unemployment. [1] Full employment does not entail the disappearance of all unemployment, as other kinds of unemployment, namely structural and frictional , may remain.
In other words, a 1% GDP fiscal consolidation (i.e., austerity) would reduce GDP between 0.9% and 1.7%, thus inflicting far more economic damage than the 0.5 previously estimated in IMF forecasts. [25] In many countries, little is known about the size of multipliers, as data availability limits the scope for empirical research.
Gains from trade are commonly described as resulting from: specialization in production from division of labor, economies of scale, scope, and agglomeration [5] and relative availability of factor resources in types of output by farms, businesses, location [6] and economies