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Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...
Note that for the case of a circular pipe, D H = 4 π R 2 2 π R = 2 R {\displaystyle D_{\text{H}}={\frac {4\pi R^{2}}{2\pi R}}=2R} The need for the hydraulic diameter arises due to the use of a single dimension in the case of a dimensionless quantity such as the Reynolds number , which prefers a single variable for flow analysis rather than ...
In this context, a diameter is any chord which passes through the conic's centre. A diameter of an ellipse is any line passing through the centre of the ellipse. [7] Half of any such diameter may be called a semidiameter, although this term is most often a synonym for the radius of a circle or sphere. [8] The longest diameter is called the ...
Pipe sizes can be confusing because the terminology may relate to historical dimensions. For example, a half-inch iron pipe does not have any dimension that is a half inch. Initially, a half inch pipe did have an inner diameter of 1 ⁄ 2 inch (13 mm)—but it also had thick walls. As technology improved, thinner walls became possible, but the ...
A reducer reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter). Alternatively, reducer may refer to any fitting which causes a change in pipe diameter. [15] This change may be intended to meet hydraulic flow requirements of the system or adapt to existing piping of a different size. The reduction length is usually equal to the ...
Butterfly valve in a large DN-size. Nominal diameter, abbreviated DN (diamètre nominal/Durchmesser nach Norm), is the designation system specified by ISO 6708 for specifying the diameter of trade sizes of metric pipework components, and is the metric equivalent to Nominal Pipe Size. [9]
Iron Pipe Size (IPS or I.P.S.) pipe sizing system based on the inside diameter (ID) of pipe. It was widely used from the early 19th century to the mid 20th century and is still in use by some industries, including major PVC pipe manufacturers, as well as for some legacy drawings and equipment.
Both pipe and tube imply a level of rigidity and permanence, whereas a hose is usually portable and flexible. A tube and pipe may be specified by standard pipe size designations, e.g., nominal pipe size, or by nominal outside or inside diameter and/or wall thickness. The actual dimensions of pipe are usually not the nominal dimensions: A 1-inch ...