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The opposite of an exothermic process is an endothermic process, one that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat. [2] The concept is frequently applied in the physical sciences to chemical reactions where chemical bond energy is converted to thermal energy (heat).
Nitro compounds are explosive because although the diatomic form of nitrogen is very stable—that is, the triple bond that holds N 2 together is very strong, and therefore has a great deal of bond energy—the nitro compounds themselves are unstable, as the bonds between nitrogen atoms and other atoms in nitro compounds are weak by comparison.
Foods including cassava (also known as tapioca, yuca or manioc) and bamboo shoots. As a potential harm-reduction factor, Vitamin B12 , in the form of hydroxocobalamin (also spelled hydroxycobalamin), might reduce the negative effects of chronic exposure; whereas, a deficiency might worsen negative health effects following exposure to cyanide.
Explosion of unserviceable ammunition and other military items The explosion of the Castle Bravo nuclear bomb.. An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases.
Lead poisoning was among the first known and most widely studied work-related environmental hazards. [186] One of the first metals to be smelted and used, [121] lead is thought to have been discovered and first mined in Anatolia around 6500 BC. [123] Its density, workability, and corrosion resistance were among the metal's attractions. [186]
In broad metaphorical (colloquial) usage of the term, "poison" may refer to anything deemed harmful. In biology, poisons are substances that can cause death, injury, or harm to organs, tissues, cells, and DNA usually by chemical reactions or other activity on the molecular scale, when an organism is exposed to a sufficient quantity.
A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as a weapon "or its precursor that can cause death, injury, temporary incapacitation or sensory irritation through its chemical action.
Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury. [3] Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. [3] [4] They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing. [1]