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  2. Refusenik - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refusenik

    Refusenik (Russian: отказник, romanized: otkaznik, from отказ (otkaz) 'refusal'; alternatively spelled refusnik) was an unofficial term for individuals—typically, but not exclusively, Soviet Jews—who were denied permission to emigrate, primarily to Israel, by the authorities of the Soviet Union and other countries of the Soviet ...

  3. Anti-Subversion Act of 1957 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Subversion_Act_of_1957

    The Anti-Subversion Act of 1957, officially designated as Republic Act No. 1700, is a Philippine law which outlawed the Communist Party of the Philippines of 1930 (Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930), the Hukbalahap, and any organizations succeeding these two organizations including the Communist Party of the Philippines, the National Democratic Front of the Philippines, and the New People's ...

  4. 2024 constitutional reform attempts in the Philippines

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_constitutional_reform...

    The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) verifies the authenticity of the signatures and ensures that the petition complies with the requirements set by law. If the petition is deemed valid, the proposed law or constitutional amendment is subjected to a national referendum. A majority vote in favor is needed for the proposal to become law.

  5. Reform the Armed Forces Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces...

    The Reform the Armed Forces Movement was founded on July 23, 1982 [8] by a group of junior military officers who were disgruntled by the patronage politics and corruption in the Armed Forces of the Philippines. [9] Its stated goal was to "reform the service, foster nationalism and patriotism, and fight against corruption and criminal activities."

  6. Human rights in the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Human_rights_in_the_Philippines

    The Philippines has adhered to the UDHR through the Bill of Rights, and continued to create laws and policies that cater to a specific sector, like the Labor Code and the Indigenous Peoples' Rights. [clarification needed] Besides the UDHR, the Philippines is a signatory to 8 of the 9 UN core human rights treaties, namely:

  7. Secularism in the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secularism_in_the_Philippines

    The Constitution provides explicit concession to Muslims, who are a minority in the Philippines, when it comes to state neutrality. It allows the Congress to enact "special courts with personal, family, and property law" for an autonomous region in Muslim Mindanao. This is implemented through Code of Muslim Personal Law.

  8. Tydings–McDuffie Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tydings–McDuffie_Act

    An act to provide for the complete independence of the Philippine Islands, to provide for the adoption of a constitution and a form of government for the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes. Enacted by: the 73rd United States Congress: Effective: May 1, 1934: Citations; Public law: Pub. L. 73–127: Statutes at Large: 48 Stat. 456

  9. History of the Philippines (1986–present) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines...

    This article covers the history of the current Philippine republican state following the 1986 People Power Revolution, known as the Fifth Philippine Republic.. The return of democracy and government reforms beginning in 1986 were hampered by national debt, government corruption, coup attempts, disasters, a persistent communist insurgency, [1] and a military conflict with Moro separatists. [2]