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The salt spray test (or salt fog test) is a standardized and popular corrosion test method, used to check corrosion resistance of materials and surface coatings.Usually, the materials to be tested are metallic (although stone, ceramics, and polymers may also be tested) and finished with a surface coating which is intended to provide a degree of corrosion protection to the underlying metal.
Nickel is one of the metals that can form Tutton's salts. The singly charged ion can be any of the full range of potassium, rubidium, cesium, ammonium (), or thallium. [1] As a mineral the ammonium nickel salt, (NH 4) 2 Ni(SO 4) 2 · 6 H 2 O, can be called nickelboussingaultite. [2]
Nickel forms double salts with Tutton's salt structure with tetrafluoroberyllate with the range of cations of ammonia, [40] potassium, rubidium, cesium, [41] and thallium. [ 42 ] Anhydrous salts of the formula M 2 Ni 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , which can be termed metal nickel trisulfates, belong to the family of langbeinites .
However in other organic solvents, or molten salts the tetrachloronickelate ion can form. Nickel can be separated from such a solution in water or methanol, by partitioning it into a cyclohexane solution of amines. [2] Organic ammonium salts of the type (R 3 NH) 2 [NiCl 4] are often thermochromic (R = Me, Et, Pr). Near room temperature, these ...
[Ni(NH 3) 6] 2+, like all octahedral nickel(II) complexes, is paramagnetic with two unpaired electrons localized on each Ni center. [Ni(NH 3) 6]Cl 2 is prepared by treating aqueous nickel(II) chloride with ammonia. It is useful as a molecular source of anhydrous nickel(II). [2]
The nickel atom can be in a range of oxidation states from +2, +3 to +4. The hexafluoronickelate(IV) 2− ion NiF 6 2− contains nickel in the maximal +4 state, and is in octahedral coordination by the fluoride atoms. It forms a commercially available salt Potassium hexafluoronickelate(IV) K 2 NiF 6.
Other examples include the vanadous Tutton salt (NH 4) 2 V(SO 4) 2 (H 2 O) 6 and the chromous Tutton salt (NH 4) 2 Cr(SO 4) 2 (H 2 O) 6. [5] In solids and solutions, the M' 2+ ion exists as a metal aquo complex [M'(H 2 O) 6] 2+. Related to the Tutton's salts are the alums, which are also double salts but with the formula MM'(SO 4) 2 (H 2 O) 12 ...
The nickel organic acid salts are organic acid salts of nickel. In many of these the ionised organic acid acts as a ligand. Nickel acetate has the formula (CH 3 COO) 2 Ni·4H 2 O. It has monodentate acetate and hydrogen bonding. A dihydrate also exists. Nickel acetate is used to seal anodised aluminium. [1]