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Breastfeeding and medications is the description of the medications that can be used by a breastfeeding mother, and the balance between maternal health and the safety of the breastfeeding infant. [1] [2] Medications, when administered to breastfeeding mothers, almost always are transferred to breast milk, albeit usually in small quantities. [3]
Breastmilk medicine refers to the non-nutritional usage of human breast milk (HBM) as a medicine or therapy to cure diseases. Breastmilk is perceived as an important food that provides essential nutrition to infants. It also provides protection in terms of immunity by direct transfer of antibodies from mothers to infants.
Other novel technologies for drug delivery via breast milk involve the use of external objects to mediate the addition of compounds into the milk being consumed. One of these technologies is a nipple shield. A nipple shield is placed onto the nipple of a breastfeeding mother, releasing treatment into the milk as the mother breastfeeds an infant ...
Contraindications to breastfeeding are those conditions that could compromise the health of the infant if breast milk from their mother is consumed. Examples include galactosemia, untreated HIV, untreated active tuberculosis, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 or II, uses illicit drugs, or mothers undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment. [1] [2]
Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breasts of women. Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for newborn infants , comprising fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and a varying composition of minerals and vitamins.
A mother may express milk (remove milk from breasts) for storage and later use. Expression may occur manually with hand expression, or by using a breast pump. [47]: 220 [166] Mothers express milk for multiple reasons. Expressing breast milk can maintain a mother's milk supply when mother and child are apart.
Dopamine agonists are currently the preferred medication for suppressing lactation, which work by suppressing prolactin production. [3] Cabergoline (Dostinex™) is currently most effective option currently available, as it is available as a single dose (as opposed to bromocriptine which must be taken twice daily for 2 weeks.) [4] It may be prescribed in the case of breast abscess.
The composition of human milk oligosaccharides in breast milk is individual to each mother and varies over the period of lactation. The dominant oligosaccharide in 80% of all women is 2′-fucosyllactose , which is present in human breast milk at a concentration of approximately 2.5 g/L; [ 4 ] other abundant oligosacchadies include lacto- N ...