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Almost no multiple bonds to silicon are stable, although silicon does exhibit varied coordination number. [21] Silanes, silicon analogues to the alkanes, react rapidly with water, and long-chain silanes spontaneously decompose. [22] Consequently, most terrestrial silicon is "locked up" in silica, and not a wide variety of biogenic precursors. [21]
NA32, "Investigation of Charm Production in Hadronic Interactions Using High - Resolution Silicon Detectors", was a research project at CERN.The project was approved on 18 November 1982, data taking completed on 20 August 1986 and the analysis of the results was formally considered finished on 20 August 1996.
It is relatively unreactive. Silicon is a significant element that is essential for several physiological and metabolic processes in plants. Silicon is widely regarded as the predominant semiconductor material due to its versatile applications in various electrical devices such as transistors, solar cells, integrated circuits, and others.
When silicon is grown by the Czochralski method, the melt is contained in a silica crucible. During growth, the walls of the crucible dissolve into the melt and Czochralski silicon therefore contains oxygen at a typical concentration of 10 18 cm −3. Oxygen impurities can have beneficial or detrimental effects.
01.CB Carbon-silicon family: 05a graphite, 05b chaoite, 05c fullerite; 10a diamond, 10b lonsdaleite, 15 silicon 01.CC Sulfur-selenium-iodine: 05 sulfur , 05 rosickyite ; 10 tellurium , 10 selenium
Some examples of semiconductors are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, and elements near the so-called "metalloid staircase" on the periodic table. After silicon, gallium arsenide is the second-most common semiconductor and is used in laser diodes, solar cells, microwave-frequency integrated circuits, and others.
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The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is General Electric's trade name for a type of thyristor. The principle of four-layer p–n–p–n switching was developed by Moll, Tanenbaum, Goldey, and Holonyak of Bell Laboratories in 1956. [ 1 ]