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The most important industrial application is the nickel-catalyzed synthesis of adiponitrile (NC−(CH 2) 4 −CN) synthesis from buta-1,3-diene (CH 2 =CH−CH=CH 2). Adiponitrile is a precursor to hexamethylenediamine ( H 2 N−(CH 2 ) 6 −NH 2 ), which is used for the production of certain kinds of Nylon .
In the laboratory, this liquid serves as a source of HCN, which is inconveniently volatile. [4] Thus, acetone cyanohydrin can be used for the preparation of other cyanohydrins, for the transformation of HCN to Michael acceptors, and for the formylation of arenes. Treatment of this cyanohydrin with lithium hydride affords anhydrous lithium cyanide:
In organic chemistry, a cyanohydrin reaction is an organic reaction in which an aldehyde (−CH=O) or ketone (>C=O) reacts with a cyanide anion ...
It is used as a surrogate in place of HCN, as illustrated by its use as a precursor to lithium cyanide: [8] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2. In transhydrocyanation, an equivalent of HCN is transferred from acetone cyanohydrin to another acceptor, with acetone as byproduct. The transfer is an equilibrium process, initiated by ...
The Dosage Index is a mathematical figure used by breeders of Thoroughbred race horses, and sometimes by bettors handicapping horse races, to quantify a horse's ability, or inability, to negotiate the various distances at which horse races are run. It is calculated based on an analysis of the horse's pedigree.
LiCN is produced from the reaction of lithium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide. A laboratory-scale preparation uses acetone cyanohydrin as a surrogate for HCN: [5] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2
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The first step of the mechanism is the addition of gaseous HCl to the cyanohydrin 1. The cyanohydrin abstracts the hydrogen from HCl while the chloride ion attacks the carbon in the cyano group . This first step results in the formation of an iminochloride intermediate 2 , probably as the hydrochloride salt.