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Acrylamide (or acrylic amide) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 2 =CHC(O)NH 2. It is a white odorless solid, soluble in water and several organic solvents. From the chemistry perspective, acrylamide is a vinyl-substituted primary amide (CONH 2 ).
Polyacrylamide is of low toxicity but its precursor acrylamide is a neurotoxin and carcinogen. [1] Thus, concerns naturally center on the possibility that polyacrylamide is contaminated with acrylamide. [12] [13] Considerable effort is made to scavenge traces of acrylamide from the polymer intended for use near food. [1]
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Using acrylamide and paraformaldehyde in 1,2-dichloroethane gives a clear solution upon heating, from which MBA crystallizes. In aqueous media, acrylonitrile also reacts with formaldehyde to give crude N , N ′-methylenebisacrylamide, which can be purified by recrystallization with acetone/water.
The synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) began with the synthesis of the acrylamide monomer by Sprecht in 1956. [13] In 1957, Shearer patented the first application for what would be later identified as PNIPA for the use as a rodent repellent. [14] Early work was piqued by theoretical curiosity of the material properties of PNIPA.
Acrylamide is carcinogenic, [21] a neurotoxin, and a reproductive toxin. [22] It is also essential to store acrylamide in a cool dark and dry place to reduce autopolymerisation and hydrolysis . Bisacrylamide ( N , N ′-Methylenebisacrylamide ) ( C 7 H 10 N 2 O 2 ; mW: 154.17) is the most frequently used cross linking agent for polyacrylamide gels.
Polyquaternium 7 is the designation established with the original association, Cosmetics, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association (CTFA), now known as the Personal Care Products Council.
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