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  2. Schaffer method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaffer_method

    The Jane Schaffer method is a formula for essay writing that is taught in some U.S. middle schools and high schools.Developed by a San Diego teacher named Jane Schaffer, who started offering training and a 45-day curriculum in 1995, it is intended to help students who struggle with structuring essays by providing a framework.

  3. Thesis statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis_statement

    The "thesis statement" comes from the concept of a thesis (θέσῐς, thésis) as it was articulated by Aristotle in Topica. Aristotle's definition of a thesis is "a conception which is contrary to accepted opinion." He also notes that this contrary view must come from an informed position; not every contrary view is a thesis. [3]

  4. Five-paragraph essay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-paragraph_essay

    Basically, the thesis statement should be proven throughout the essay. In each of the three body paragraphs, one or more identified (evidence/fact/etc.) that supports the thesis statement is discussed. And in the conclusion, everything is analyzed and summed up. For example, the conclusion part in an essay about sports: "Sports can bring a ...

  5. Persuasive writing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persuasive_writing

    The thesis statement, usually at the end of the introduction, should clearly articulate the writer's position on the topic. This statement serves as a roadmap for the reader, indicating what to expect in the following paragraphs. [3] Body Paragraphs: Each body paragraph should focus on a single main idea that supports the thesis.

  6. List of valid argument forms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_valid_argument_forms

    In order to evaluate these forms, statements are put into logical form. Logical form replaces any sentences or ideas with letters to remove any bias from content and allow one to evaluate the argument without any bias due to its subject matter. [1] Being a valid argument does not necessarily mean the conclusion will be true. It is valid because ...

  7. Validity (logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Validity_(logic)

    A statement can be called valid, i.e. logical truth, in some systems of logic like in Modal logic if the statement is true in all interpretations. In Aristotelian logic statements are not valid per se. Validity refers to entire arguments. The same is true in propositional logic (statements can be true or false but not called valid or invalid).

  8. Argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument

    The military budget argument example is a strong, cogent argument. Non-deductive logic is reasoning using arguments in which the premises support the conclusion but do not entail it. Forms of non-deductive logic include the statistical syllogism , which argues from generalizations true for the most part, and induction , a form of reasoning that ...

  9. Modus tollens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modus_tollens

    This is a valid argument since it is not possible for the conclusion to be false if the premises are true. (It is conceivable that there may have been an intruder that the dog did not detect, but that does not invalidate the argument; the first premise is "if the dog detects an intruder". The thing of importance is that the dog detects or does ...