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The Indus Valley script remains undeciphered and there are very little surviving fragments of its writing, thus any inference about scientific discoveries in that region must be made based only on archaeological digs. The following dates are approximations. The Nippur cubit-rod, c. 2650 BCE, in the Archeological Museum of Istanbul, Turkey
First space walk/extra-vehicular activity (Alexei Leonov). USSR Voskhod 2: March 1965: First crewed spacecraft to change orbit. USA (NASA) Gemini 3: 14 July 1965: First flyby of Mars (returned pictures). USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [15] 14 July 1965: First photographs of another planet from deep space . USA (NASA) Mariner 4 [15] 15 December 1965
Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process. Multiple discovery sometimes occurs when multiple research groups discover the same phenomenon at about the same time, and scientific priority is often disputed. The listings below include some of the most significant people and ideas by date of publication or experiment.
Riccardo Giacconi (Associated Universities Inc., Washington, D.C., USA) "for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources" Medicine. Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz and John E. Sulston "for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death"
May 18 – Helen Sharman becomes the first British person in space, flying with the Soyuz TM-12 mission. [1] October 29 – The Galileo probe becomes the first spacecraft to visit an asteroid . Steven Balbus and John F. Hawley publish their insights on magnetorotational instability. [2] Asteroid 6859 Datemasamune is discovered by Masahiro ...
The year 2003 was an exciting one for new scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs progress in many scientific fields. Some of the highlights of 2003, which will be further discussed below, include: the anthropologic discovery of 350,000-year-old footprints attesting to the presence of upright-walking humans; SpaceShipOne flight 11P making its first supersonic flight; the ...
The discovery and confirmation of the Cosmic microwave background in 1964 secured the Big Bang as the best theory of the origin and evolution of the universe. March 20 – The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organization) is established (under an agreement of June 14, 1962).
October 29 – Space Shuttle Discovery blasts-off with 77-year-old John Glenn on board, making him the oldest person to go into space up to that time. He became the first American to orbit Earth on February 20, 1962. November 20 – Zarya, the first module of the International Space Station, is launched.