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2. Total fatty matter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_fatty_matter

   Total fatty matter (TFM) is one of the most important characteristics describing the quality of soap and is always specified in commercial transactions. It is defined as the total amount of fatty matter, mostly fatty acids, that can be separated from a sample after splitting with a mineral acid, usually hydrochloric acid.

3. Essential oil - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_oil

   An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants.Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils, aetheroleum, or simply as the oil of the plant from which they were extracted, such as oil of clove.

4. List of essential oils - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_essential_oils

   Calamodin oil or calamansi essential oil comes from a citrus tree in the Philippines extracted via cold press or steam distillation. Calamus oil Used in perfumery and formerly as a food additive; Camphor oil used in cosmetics and household cleaners. [4] Cannabis flower essential oil, used as a flavoring in foods, primarily candy and beverages ...

5. Fragrance extraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_extraction

   The remaining waxy mass is known as a concrete, which is a mixture of essential oil, waxes, resins, and other lipophilic (oil-soluble) plant material, since these solvents effectively remove all hydrophobic compounds in the raw material. The solvent is then removed by a lower temperature distillation process and reclaimed for re-use.

6. Fragrance oil - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_oil

   However, synthetic versions of the same compound as a natural essential oil are usually very comparable. Furthermore, natural oils are in many cases significantly more expensive than their synthetic equivalents. Aromatic oils are used in perfumery, candles, cosmetics, flavoring of food. [3] Some include (out of a very diverse range): Ylang ...

7. Saponification value - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification_value

   For example, shark oil is not suitable for soap making as it may contain more than 10% of unsaponifiable matter. [11] For edible oils, the tolerated limit of unsaponifiable matter is 1.5% (olive, refined soybean), while inferior quality crude or pomace oil could reach 3%. [12] [13]