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The call printf ("%3d", 1234) outputs 1234 which is 4 characters long since that is the minimum width for that value even though the width specified is 3. If the width field is omitted, the output is the minimum number of characters for the value. If the field is specified as *, then the width value is read from the list of values in the call. [18]
printf(string format, items-to-format) It can take one or more arguments, where the first argument is a string to be written. This string can contain special formatting codes which are replaced by items from the remainder of the arguments. For example, an integer can be printed using the "%d" formatting code, e.g.: printf("%d", 42);
In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, printf is a shell builtin (and utility program [2]) that formats and outputs text like the same-named C function. Originally named for outputting to a printer, it actually outputs to standard output. [3] The command accepts a format string, which specifies how to format values, and a list of values.
Additionally, most standard library procedures provide v-prefixed alternative versions which accept a reference to the unnamed argument list (i.e. an initialized va_list variable) instead of the unnamed argument list itself. For example, vfprintf() is an alternate version of fprintf() expecting a va_list instead of the actual unnamed argument list.
modified_identifier_list «As «non_array_type««array_rank_specifier»» (multiple declarator); valid declaration statements are of the form Dim declarator_list, where, for the purpose of semantic analysis, to convert the declarator_list to a list of only single declarators:
[4] [5] Although the C++ Standard Library and the STL share many features, neither is a strict superset of the other. [citation needed] A noteworthy feature of the C++ Standard Library is that it not only specifies the syntax and semantics of generic algorithms, but also places requirements on their performance. [6]
The C POSIX library is a specification of a C standard library for POSIX systems. It was developed at the same time as the ANSI C standard. Some effort was made to make POSIX compatible with standard C; POSIX includes additional functions to those introduced in standard C.
It shifts each bit in its left operand to the right. The number following the operator decides the number of places the bits are shifted (i.e. the right operand). Thus by doing ch >> 3 all the bits will be shifted to the right by three places and so on.