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Locoweed (also crazyweed and loco) is a common name in North America for any plant that produces swainsonine, an alkaloid harmful to livestock. Worldwide, swainsonine is produced by a small number of species , most of them in three genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae : Oxytropis and Astragalus in North America , [ 1 ] and Swainsona in ...
Locoweed poisoning is "the most widespread poisonous plant problem in the western United States." [ 3 ] Locoweeds cause locoism , a disease state resulting from chronic neurological damage. Symptoms of locoism include depression , blindness , loss of coordination, emaciation , tremors, paralysis , constipation , deterioration of the coat ...
The Oxytropis lambertii plant is one of the locoweeds most frequently implicated in livestock poisoning. [8] The toxin is called swainsonine.Research suggests that the plant itself may not be toxic, but becomes toxic when inhabited by endophytic fungi of the genus Embellisia, which produce swainsonine.
Suspected mushroom poisoning in Australia has made headlines around the world
Oxytropis splendens, commonly known as showy locoweed, is a flowering perennial in the legume family endemic to the east slope of the Rocky Mountains. [3] Growing in Canada, Alaska, several Great Plains states, and parts of the Mountain West, O. splendens grows well in harsh alpine ecosystems, allowing it to quickly colonize gravel and coal spoils.
The onset of symptoms generally occurs around 30 to 60 minutes after ingesting the herb. These symptoms generally last from 24 to 48 hours, but have been reported in some cases to last as long as two weeks. [32] As with other cases of anticholinergic poisoning, intravenous physostigmine can be administered in severe cases as an antidote. [38]
What are the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning? In high concentrations, it can be deadly. The acute effects arise from carboxyhemoglobin formation in the blood, which hampers oxygen absorption.
Common symptoms are often flulike and include headache, dizziness, upset stomach, chest pain or confusion, but highly concentrated levels of CO can cause a person to pass out without feeling symptoms.