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  2. Chromosomal translocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomal_translocation

    Most balanced translocation carriers are healthy and do not have any symptoms. It is important to distinguish between chromosomal translocations that occur in germ cells, due to errors in meiosis (i.e. during gametogenesis), and those that occur in somatic cells, due to errors in mitosis. The former results in a chromosomal abnormality featured ...

  3. Robertsonian translocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertsonian_translocation

    A Robertsonian translocation in balanced form results in no excess or deficit of genetic material and causes no health difficulties. In unbalanced forms, Robertsonian translocations cause chromosomal deletions or addition and result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). The ...

  4. Small supernumerary marker chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_supernumerary_marker...

    A balanced translocation is an even exchange between two chromosomes that results in no change in genetic information and generally has no detrimental effects on its carriers. However, a parent with a balanced translocation in chromosomes 22 has an increased risk of having a child with CES; this is due to a chromosomal rearrangement mutation ...

  5. 18p- - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18p-

    A single chromosome 18's short arm may be absent entirely or in part, resulting in deletion 18p syndrome. To find out if one parent has the unbalanced 18p- deletion or is a balanced translocation carrier, it is necessary to examine their parental karyotypes.

  6. Miller–Dieker syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller–Dieker_syndrome

    It may be a random event during the formation of reproductive cells or in early fetal development or due to familial chromosomal rearrangement called chromosomal translocation. In less than 20% of cases an unaffected parent carries a particular chromosomal rearrangement called a balanced translocation, in which no genetic material is gained or ...

  7. Genetics of Down syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics_of_Down_syndrome

    The second, combined with a normal gamete from the other parent, gives rise to a typical child. The third leads to a translocation Down syndrome child. The last becomes a translocation carrier, like the parent. Translocation Down syndrome is often referred to as familial Down syndrome. It is the cause of about 4.5% of the observed Down ...

  8. Recurrent miscarriage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_miscarriage

    Studies comparing pregnancy outcomes in couples experiencing RPL with and without chromosomal abnormalities found that parental carriers of chromosomal abnormalities had a lower live birth rate, specifically carriers of a reciprocal/balanced Robertsonian translocation.

  9. t (11:14) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T(11:14)

    t(11;14) is a chromosomal translocation which essentially always involves the immunoglobulin heavy locus, also known as IGH in the q32 region of chromosome 14, as well as cyclin D1 which is located in the q13 of chromosome 11 . [2] Specifically, the translocation is at t(11;14)(q13;q32). [3] [4]