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Acetonitrile is used mainly as a solvent in the purification of butadiene in refineries. Specifically, acetonitrile is fed into the top of a distillation column filled with hydrocarbons including butadiene, and as the acetonitrile falls down through the column, it absorbs the butadiene which is then sent from the bottom of the tower to a second separating tower.
Acetamidine hydrochloride is synthesised in a two-step process that begins with a solution of acetonitrile in ethanol at close to 0 °C. [4] First, the mixture is treated with anhydrous hydrogen chloride in a Pinner reaction, producing crystals of acetimido ethyl ether hydrochloride: H 3 C−C≡N + C 2 H 5 OH + HCl → H 3 C−C(=NH·HCl)−OC ...
The structure of a nitrile: the functional group is highlighted blue. In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group.The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH 3 CH 2 C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). [1]
Aminoacetonitrile is the organic compound with the formula H 2 N−CH 2 −C≡N.The compound is a colorless liquid. It is unstable at room temperature, owing to the incompatibility of the amine nucleophile and the nitrile electrophile.
Benzyl cyanide is used as a solvent [14] and as a starting material in the synthesis of fungicides (e.g. Fenapanil), [15] fragrances (phenethyl alcohol), antibiotics, [2] and other pharmaceuticals. The partial hydrolysis of BnCN results in 2-phenylacetamide .
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The term "amyl nitrite" encompasses several isomers.In older literature, the common non-systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group, where the amyl group is a linear or normal (n) alkyl group, and the resulting amyl nitrite would have the structural formula CH 3 (CH 2) 3 CH 2 ONO, also referred to as n-amyl nitrite.
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