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Sodium hypochlorite has destaining properties. [45] Among other applications, it can be used to remove mold stains, dental stains caused by fluorosis, [46] and stains on crockery, especially those caused by the tannins in tea. It has also been used in laundry detergents and as a surface cleaner. It is also used in sodium hypochlorite washes.
Bleach is the generic name for any chemical product that is used industrially or domestically to remove color from (i.e. to whiten) fabric or fiber (in a process called bleaching) or to disinfect after cleaning. It often refers specifically to a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite, also called "liquid bleach".
The active agent in liquid bleach is sodium hypochlorite, which gives the product a light greenish yellow tinge and its characteristic chlorine smell. [6]Formulations for household use usually contain 8% or less of sodium hypochlorite by weight, although more concentrated solutions of up to 50% are available for industrial use. [7]
A 2008 study indicated that sodium hypochlorite and organic chemicals (e.g., surfactants, fragrances) contained in several household cleaning products can react to generate chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). [12] These chlorinated compounds are emitted during cleaning applications, some of which are toxic and probable human carcinogens.
Dakin's original solution contained sodium hypochlorite (0.4% to 0.5%), prepared by treating calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbonate ("washing soda"). The solution left after removal of the insoluble calcium carbonate still contained some soda. [7] Boric acid (4%) was then added as a buffering agent to maintain a pH of between 9 and 10.
In chemistry, hypochlorite, or chloroxide is an anion with the chemical formula ClO −. It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorite salts. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (a component of bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine"). [1] The Cl-O distance in ClO − is 1.69 Å ...
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Sodium hypochlorite can be purchased or generated in situ by reacting chlorine with sodium hydroxide: 2 NaOH + Cl 2 ⇌ NaOCl + NaCl + H 2 O The main objection to the use of chlorine for bleaching pulp is the large amounts of soluble organochlorine compounds produced and released into the environment.