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Phenprocoumon is an inhibitor of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR). Vitamin K is needed to activate the coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X [9] and the anticoagulation factors protein C and protein S, [10] in which process it turns into vitamin K 2,3-epoxide. This is then recycled to vitamin K in a process involving VKOR.
There has been rare reports of oral vitamin K adverse effects. Intravenous vitamin K admission had reports of low blood pressure, shortness of breath, flushing, and other serious allergic reactions. [6] [13] Vitamin K needs to be diluted to an aqueous solution for administration as a it is a fat-soluble vitamin. Reports of hypersensitivity of ...
Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism; [9] prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic complications associated with atrial fibrillation and/or cardiac valve replacement; [9] and reduction in the risk of death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and thromboembolic events such as stroke or systemic embolization after ...
Warfarin, a synthetic derivative of coumarin, is the most widely used oral anticoagulant in the US. In some European countries, other coumarin derivatives (phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol) are used. These agents known as vitamin K antagonists (VKA), inhibit the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of Factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, X in the ...
The rodenticide chemicals are sometimes incorrectly referred to as "coumadins" rather than 4-hydroxycoumarins ("Coumadin" is a brand name for warfarin). They are also referred to as "coumarins," in reference to their derivation, although this term also may be deceptive since coumarin itself, as noted, is not active in clotting, and is used ...
Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are a group of substances that reduce blood clotting by reducing the action of vitamin K. The term "vitamin K antagonist" is technically a misnomer, as the drugs do not directly antagonize the action of vitamin K in the pharmacological sense, but rather the recycling of vitamin K. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have ...
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Prior to the introduction of direct factor Xa inhibitors, vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin were the only oral anticoagulants for over 60 years, and together with heparin have been the main blood thinners in use. People admitted to hospital requiring blood thinning were started on an infusion of heparin infusion, which thinned blood ...