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During 3rd century - London's population is around 50,000 due to the influence of its major port. c. 214 – London becomes the capital of the province of Britannia Inferior. c. 240 – The London Mithraeum is built. c. 250 – Coasting barge "Blackfriars I" sinks in the Thames at Blackfriars. 255 – Work begins on a riverside wall in London. [10]
Some recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area. At the Fulham Palace site in Fulham in modern west London, evidence of prehistoric activity dating from the late Mesolithic and early Neolithic age was uncovered by various archaeological investigations undertaken there since the early 1970s, depicting the use of struck flint.
Urban sites were on the decline from the late Roman period and remained of very minor importance until around the 9th century. The largest cities in later Anglo-Saxon England however were Winchester, London and York, in that order, although London had eclipsed Winchester by the 11th century. Details of population size are however lacking.
London was a centre of England's Jewish population. There was a Jewish burial ground at Jewin Street, on the site of the modern-day Barbican Centre, from 1177, Old Jewry was known as the Jewish quarter from 1181, [10] and London's first synagogue is on Ironmonger Lane, being first recorded in 1227 and forced to close in 1285.
In the first half of the 5th century, Roman oversight in London collapsed, leaving the Romanised Britons to look after themselves. By 457, the city appears to have become almost completely abandoned. [2] Over the next few centuries, settlers arrived from modern-day Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark, who are now referred to as "Anglo-Saxons". [3]
1890 London had 5,728 street accidents, resulting in 144 deaths. [109] London was the site of the world's first traffic lights, installed at the crossroads of Bridge, Great George, and Parliament Streets outside the Houses of Parliament. The 20 ft (6-metre) high column was topped by a large gas lamp, and opened in December 1868. [110]
A tablet from c. 65 AD, reading "Londinio Mogontio"- "In London, to Mogontius" The name of London is derived from a word first attested, in Latinised form, as Londinium. By the first century CE, this was a commercial centre in Roman Britain. The etymology of the name is uncertain.
Edward Stanford first publishes Stanford's Library Map of London and its suburbs. 1863 10 January: The first section of the London Underground, the Metropolitan Railway between Paddington and Farringdon Street, opens to the public, operated by steam locomotives, making it the first in the world. [129] 2 March: Clapham Junction railway station ...