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In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant (K D) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.
The values for the octanol-water system in the following table are from the Dortmund Data Bank. [ 15 ] [ better source needed ] They are sorted by the partition coefficient, smallest to largest (acetamide being hydrophilic, and 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl lipophilic), and are presented with the temperature at which they were measured (which ...
The distribution constant (or partition ratio) (K D) is the equilibrium constant for the distribution of an analyte in two immiscible solvents. [1] [2] [3]In chromatography, for a particular solvent, it is equal to the ratio of its molar concentration in the stationary phase to its molar concentration in the mobile phase, also approximating the ratio of the solubility of the solvent in each phase.
is equal to the ratio of the dissociation rate of the ligand-receptor complex to its association rate (=). [8] Kd is the equilibrium constant for dissociation. K A {\textstyle K_{A}} is defined so that ( K A ) n = K d = k d k a {\textstyle (K_{A})^{n}=K_{\rm {d}}={k_{\rm {d}} \over k_{\rm {a}}}} , this is also known as the microscopic ...
The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change. For a given set of reaction conditions, the equilibrium constant is ...
An ICE table or RICE box or RICE chart is a tabular system of keeping track of changing concentrations in an equilibrium reaction. ICE stands for initial, change, equilibrium . It is used in chemistry to keep track of the changes in amount of substance of the reactants and also organize a set of conditions that one wants to solve with. [ 1 ]
K a is variously named a dissociation constant, [3] an acid ionization constant, [2]: 668 an acidity constant [1] or an ionization constant. [2]: 708 It serves as an indicator of the acid strength: stronger acids have a higher K a value (and a lower pK a value).
However, the equilibrium constant will no longer be dimensionless and will have units of reciprocal concentration instead. The difference between the kinetic and thermodynamic derivations of the Langmuir model is that the thermodynamic uses activities as a starting point while the kinetic derivation uses rates of reaction.