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Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypocalcification of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [3] [needs update] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [4] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration, and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.
“Previous risk assessments focused on dental fluorosis, but the NTP’s meta-analyses show that fluoride may be associated with cognitive function at concentrations found in fluoridated ...
Fluoride toothpaste, with concentrations of 1000 ppm and above, reduces the risk of dental caries in school-aged children and adolescents. [10] As primary teeth are being developed, the ingestion of fluoride causes the teeth to form stronger and more resistant to cavities, although this increases the risk of dental fluorosis.
Topical fluorides are fluoride-containing drugs indicated in prevention and treatment of dental caries, particularly in children's primary dentitions. [1] The dental-protecting property of topical fluoride can be attributed to multiple mechanisms of action, including the promotion of remineralization of decalcified enamel, the inhibition of the cariogenic microbial metabolism in dental plaque ...
“Children who had higher fluoride exposure – whether that was measured with fluorosis, which is kind of a crude measure, or fluoride in water or fluoride in urine – they found consistent ...
A new report that analyzes research on fluoride and IQ scores finds that the more fluoride a child is exposed to, the lower he or she tends to score on intelligence tests. ... Dental fluorosis ...
The only generally accepted adverse effect of fluoride at levels used for water fluoridation is dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of children's teeth during tooth development; this is mostly mild and usually only an aesthetic concern. Compared to unfluoridated water, fluoridation to 1 mg/L is estimated to cause fluorosis in one ...
Dental caries Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries [ 1 ] and possibly osteoporosis , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] due to a lack of fluoride in diet. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Common dietary sources of fluoride include tea, grape juice, wine, raisins, some seafood, coffee, and tap water that has been fluoridated . [ 6 ]