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Flowering big bluestem, a characteristic tallgrass prairie plant. The tallgrass prairie is an ecosystem native to central North America.Historically, natural and anthropogenic fire, as well as grazing by large mammals (primarily bison) provided periodic disturbances to these ecosystems, limiting the encroachment of trees, recycling soil nutrients, and facilitating seed dispersal and germination.
The Illinois Land Conservation Act (Public Law 104-106) created the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, designated the transfer of 19,165 acres (7,756 ha) of land in Illinois from the U.S. Army to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service. The Illinois Land Conservation Act mandates that Midewin be managed to meet four primary objectives:
The Gensburg-Markham Prairie, also known as Markham Prairie, is a 105.6-acre (427,000 m 2) high-quality tallgrass prairie located in Markham in the Chicago metropolitan area. It is part of the larger Indian Boundary Prairies managed by Northeastern Illinois University and The Nature Conservancy .
This species of grass has hard, sturdy, hollow stems that may reach 3 m (9.8 ft) in height. [4] They grow from a network of woody rhizomes and tough roots that form a sod. The roots penetrate over 3 m (9.8 ft) into the soil. [2] The leaves have sharp, serrated edges. [5] The panicle may be up to 50 cm (20 in) long and may have many branches.
Most of northern Illinois was tallgrass prairie at the time of statehood in 1818. In the ensuing century, the vast majority of this prairie was plowed up for arable farmland. [ 3 ] A Nature Conservancy planning process, aimed at building a restored tallgrass prairie ecosystem in Illinois, commenced in 1985; the first major land acquisition of ...
Sorghastrum nutans, known as Indiangrass, [2] [3] is a North American prairie grass found in the United States and Canada, especially in the Great Plains and tallgrass prairies. It is sometimes called Indian grass [ 4 ] , yellow Indian-grass , [ 2 ] or wood grass .
Name Photo Location [4] Date formed Area [1] Description Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie: Illinois: 1996: 20,283 acres (82.1 km 2) [5]: The only federally managed prairie east of the Mississippi River, Midewin is in the Central forest-grasslands transition ecoregion and was created when land was transferred to the U.S. Forest Service from the U.S. Army.
The Illinois List of Endangered and Threatened Species is reviewed about every five years by the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board (ESPB). [1] To date it has evaluated only plants and animals of the US state of Illinois, not fungi, algae, or other forms of life; species that occur in Illinois which are listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. federal government under the ...
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