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The word "noir" was used by the Paris-based publisher Gallimard in 1945 as the title for its Série Noire crime fiction imprint. In the English-speaking world, the term originated as a cinematic one—film noir. [2] This term again first appeared in France, in 1946, [3] though it did not enjoy wide use until the 1970s. [10]
The plural forms of film noir in English include films noirs (derived from the French), films noir, and film noirs. Merriam-Webster, which acknowledges all three styles as acceptable, favors film noirs, [229] while the Oxford English Dictionary lists only films noirs. [230]
Noire, a character in the video game Hyperdimension Neptunia; Cat Noir, the superhero identity of Adrien Agreste in Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir; Guy Noir, a fictional private detective in A Prairie Home Companion radio show; Jack Noir, a character in the webcomic Homestuck; Madame Noir, a character in the Ressha Sentai ToQger
Neo-noir is a film genre that adapts the visual style and themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with more graphic depictions of violence and sexuality. [1] During the late 1970s and the early 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Sydney Pollack 's Absence of Malice ...
Horror noir (sometimes referred to as noir horror or hyphenated as horror-noir; lit. ' black horror ' ) is a film subgenre that blends elements of both horror and noir . It combines the dark, atmospheric qualities of noir with the suspense and fear typical of horror, creating a hybrid genre that integrates aspects of both.
Nordic noir, also known as Scandinavian noir, is a genre of crime fiction usually written from a police point of view and set in Scandinavia or the Nordic countries. Nordic noir often employs plain language, avoiding metaphor , and is typically set in bleak landscapes.
Pulp noir is a subgenre influenced by various "noir" genres, as well as (as implied by its name) pulp fiction genres; particularly the hard-boiled genres which help give rise to film noir. [1] Pulp noir is marked by its use of classic noir techniques, but with urban influences. Various media include film, illustrations, photographs and videogames.
The term black humor (from the French humour noir) was coined by the Surrealist theorist André Breton in 1935 while interpreting the writings of Jonathan Swift. [8] [9] Breton's preference was to identify some of Swift's writings as a subgenre of comedy and satire [10] [11] in which laughter arises from cynicism and skepticism, [8] [12] often relying on topics such as death.