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The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Prompted by the Protestant Reformation at the time, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation .
The council was formally closed in 1960 by Pope John XXIII, prior to the formation of the Second Vatican Council. [ 23 ] In reaction to the political implications of the doctrine of infallibility on the sovereignty of secular states , some of the European kingdoms and republics took rapid action against the Catholic Church.
It was named, as is customary in Latin Rite ecclesiastical documents, for the first word of the document that contained it, Chapter 1, Session 24 of the Council of Trent. It added the impediment of clandestinity and established the canonical form of marriage for validity in the regions in which it was promulgated. [1]
In respect of the general legislative acts of the pope there is never doubt as to the universal extent of the obligation; the same may be said of the decrees of a general council, e.g. those of the First Vatican Council. The Council of Trent was the first to apply the term indiscriminately to rulings concerning faith and discipline (decreta de ...
The period of canonical history known as the Jus Novum ("new law") or middle period covers the time from Gratian to the Council of Trent (mid-12th century–16th century). [ 2 ] The various conciliar canons and papal decrees were gathered together into collections, both unofficial and official.
Title page of a 1592 edition of the Roman Catechism. The Roman Catechism or Catechism of the Council of Trent is a compendium of Catholic doctrine commissioned during the Counter-Reformation by the Council of Trent, to expound doctrine and to improve the theological understanding of the clergy.
Icon depicting the Emperor Constantine (centre), accompanied by the bishops of the First Council of Nicaea (325), holding the Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed of 381. In the history of Christianity, the first seven ecumenical councils include the following: the First Council of Nicaea in 325, the First Council of Constantinople in 381, the Council of Ephesus in 431, the Council of Chalcedon ...
This set of beliefs was condemned by the Council of Trent. indulgences – indulgence is the full or partial remission of temporal punishment due for sins which have already been forgiven. The Council of Trent curtailed and restricted how they are issued. sola fide – Protestant doctrine of "faith alone." The Council of Trent rejected this ...