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A 12% solution is widely used in waterworks for the chlorination of water, and a 15% solution is more commonly [39] used for disinfection of wastewater in treatment plants. Sodium hypochlorite can also be used for point-of-use disinfection of drinking water, [40] taking 0.2–2 mg of sodium hypochlorite per liter of water. [41]
Calcium hypochlorite, Ca(OCl) 2. [20] This product, known as "bleaching powder" or "chlorinated lime", it is used in many of the same applications as sodium hypochlorite, but is more stable and contains more available chlorine. It is usually marketed as a white powder that contains, besides the hypochlorite, also calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)
Old drawing of a chloralkali process plant (Edgewood, Maryland) The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), [1] which are
Sodium hypochlorite can be purchased or generated in situ by reacting chlorine with sodium hydroxide: 2 NaOH + Cl 2 ⇌ NaOCl + NaCl + H 2 O The main objection to the use of chlorine for bleaching pulp is the large amounts of soluble organochlorine compounds produced and released into the environment.
Bleaching powder (formerly known as "chlorinated lime"), usually a mixture of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO) 2), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime, Ca(OH) 2), and calcium chloride (CaCl 2) in variable amounts. [18] Sold as a white powder or in tablets, it is used in many of the same applications as sodium hypochlorite but is more stable and ...
The hypochlorite can be in the form of a powder or a liquid such as chlorine bleach (solution of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite in water). Water that is being shock chlorinated should not be swum in or drunk until the sodium hypochlorite count in the water goes down to three parts per million (ppm) or until the calcium hypochlorite ...
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The membraneless cell output contains hydroxide ions which increase the pH; therefore it affects the composition of the output products. To keep the pH in the neutral range, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid must be added to the disinfected water. In this kind of cell, the main product is sodium hypochlorite.
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