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Neanderthal anatomy. Neanderthal anatomy differed from modern humans in that they had a more robust build and distinctive morphological features, especially on the cranium, which gradually accumulated more derived aspects, particularly in certain isolated geographic regions. This robust build was an effective adaptation for Neanderthals, as ...
Like all sauropods, Nigersaurus was a quadruped with a small head, thick hind legs, and a prominent tail. Among that clade, Nigersaurus was fairly small, with a body length of only 9 m (30 ft) and a femur reaching only 1 m (3 ft 3 in); it may have weighed around 1.9–4 t (2.1–4.4 short tons), comparable to a modern elephant.
[15] [16] [17] Therrein and Henderson proposed that a 10.3 metres (34 ft) long Suchomimus would have weighed more than 5.3 metric tons (5.8 short tons) based on their ratio between skull length and body length; however, they noted that they might have overestimated the size of spinosaurids (i.e. Suchomimus and Baryonyx). [18]
Human teeth function to mechanically break down items of food by cutting and crushing them in preparation for swallowing and digesting. As such, they are considered part of the human digestive system. [1] Humans have four types of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars, which each have a specific function.
Due to the strong divergence in dental anatomy, they may have split before characteristic Neanderthal dentition evolved about 300,000 years ago. [ 25 ] The more divergent Denisovan mtDNA has been interpreted as evidence of admixture between Denisovans and an unknown archaic human population, [ 31 ] possibly a relict H. erectus or H. erectus ...
Bakker, 1997. Allosaurus (/ ˌæləˈsɔːrəs /) [2][3] is an extinct genus of large carnosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 145 million years ago during the Late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian to late Tithonian ages). The name " Allosaurus " means "different lizard", alluding to its unique (at the time of its discovery) concave vertebrae.
Reconstructed adult and juvenile Spinophorosaurus skeletons (A, B) compared in size with adult and juvenile giraffes (C, D) and a human (E). The holotype specimen was initially estimated to have been around 13 metres (43 ft) in length when measured along the vertebral column, while the paratype was about 13 per cent larger, measuring around 14 m (46 ft).
The anatomy of Pachycephalosaurus itself is poorly known, as only skull remains have been described. [10] Pachycephalosaurus is famous for having a large, bony dome on top of its skull, up to 25 cm (10 in) thick, which safely cushioned its brain. The dome's rear aspect was edged with bony knobs and short bony spikes projected upwards from the ...